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base pair

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base pair 【生物化學】堿基對。

【生物化學】堿基對。 “base“ 中文翻譯：   adj. 1.賤的，劣的；卑下的，低級的；卑鄙的。 2. ...“pair“ 中文翻譯：   n. (pl. pair(s)) 1.一對，一雙，一套， ...“base-pair“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對“acid base pair“ 中文翻譯：   酸堿對“acid-base pair“ 中文翻譯：   酸堿對“base pair mismatch“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對誤配“base pair ratio“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對比例“base pair replacement“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對置換“base pair rules“ 中文翻譯：   堿基配對規律“base pair sequence“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對順序“base pair substitution“ 中文翻譯：   氮基對替換; 堿基對取代作用“base pair substitution polymorphism“ 中文翻譯：   堿基替換多態“base wobble pair“ 中文翻譯：   堿基搖擺配對“base-pair mutation“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對突變“base-pair ratio“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對比率“base-pair replacement“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對置換“base-pair substitution“ 中文翻譯：   堿基對置換“complementary base pair“ 中文翻譯：   互補堿基對“conjugate acid base pair“ 中文翻譯：   共軛酸堿對; 共軛酸堿偶“conjugate acid-base pair“ 中文翻譯：   共軛酸堿對“conjugated acid-base pair“ 中文翻譯：   共軛酸堿對“wobble base pair“ 中文翻譯：   不穩定配對“electron-pair concept of acid and base“ 中文翻譯：   酸堿電子對概念“non-watson-crick base-pair“ 中文翻譯：   非沃森-克里克堿基配對“a pair of“ 中文翻譯：   一對..., 一付..; 一對，一雙; 一雙(副,條，把...); 一雙/對....; 一雙，一對，一副; 一雙，一副; 一雙；一對；一副

The mechanism is that the introduced complementary oligonucleotides can bind to the corresponding mrna or double - stranded dna in genome and form partial double - stranded molecules or triple - stranded nucleic acid molecules by sequence - specific and nonsequence - specific antisense action , thus the target gene will be orientationally blocked and expression of the target inhibited so that therapeutic effect could be attained . in this study , we designed a fragment of human c ii ta cdna in antisense orientation using mrna of c ii ta as template . the primers were designed based on 94 - 500 nucleotides segment in 5 “ end of ciita gene so that the interested gene contained 407 base pairs which included two aug codons in 1 16 and 188 nucleotides as well as the splicing site between the first and the second exons 本研究設計以c tamrna為模板的反義cdna片段，從c ta基因5 ’端第94位到500位核苷酸段設計引物，目的片段407bp ，覆蓋第116和188位兩個aug密碼子，也包含了第一外顯子和第二外顯子間的剪接位點：用常規分子生物學方法構建了反義片段的腺病毒表達載體( padeasy - 1系統) ；腺病毒載體經hek293細胞包裝產生含反義片段的重組腺病毒，用氯化銫密度梯度離心法獲得純化的高滴度腺病毒；進行體外基因轉移，分別用反義片段真核表達載體轉染p388d1細胞和用重組腺病毒感染hela細胞，觀察導入的c ta基因反義rna抑制細胞內組成型或誘導型c ta基因表達的作用，從而達到調控mhc -類分子表達的目的。

The results showed that the open reading frame of chil - 15 cdna encompassed 564 base pairs ( bp ) and encoded a protein of 187 amino acids with three potential n - linked glycosylation sites , four conserved cysteine residues , two out - of - frame atg initiation codons in the 5 “ untranslated region , and a signal peptide consisting of 66 amino acids . when it was compared with the published sequence of chil - 15 cdna , 7 mutant sites were found , and 5 amino acids were changed in predicted amino acids , which indicated that chil - 15 may be polymorphic 結果顯示，本研究所用白來航雞il - 15cdna5 ’非編碼區有兩個框外atg起始密碼子，開放閱讀框由564bp組成，編碼187個氨基酸，其中n末端信號肽含有66個氨基酸殘基，在第48 、 149和166位的天冬酰胺殘基上有三個潛在的n -糖基化位點。

base paper

Further sequence analysis show that only 6 base pairs of nucleotide and 2 amino acids are different between them . the homological cry3aa gene was expressed in escherichia coli . . and the expressed products which contain a fused peptide of 66 - 97 kilo - dalton was observed by means of sds - page 生物活性測定結果表明該菌株對榆藍葉甲( pyrrhaltaaenescens ( fairmaire ) )和光肩星天牛等鞘翅目昆蟲具有較高的毒力，因此初步確認該菌株屬于cry3類； ( 2 )發現該菌株中編碼毒蛋白的基因位于質粒上，并且已經成功地克隆到該基因。

Scientists are still working out the details of how dna is replicated so quickly and accurately an astonishing feat , since each human cell contains billions of base pairs lined up along nearly six feet of dna , all packed into a nucleus only one - twentieth the width of a human hair 科學家們還在努力查明dna快速精確復制的奧秘。 dna的復制是一項驚人的活動，之所以這么說，是因為每個人體細胞內有數十億的堿基對排列在近六英尺長的dna分子上，而所有這些物質都緊密分布在只有人類頭發二十分之一寬度的細胞核中。

The aligned length of 378 base pair ( bp ) partial sequences was available for the c - mos dna . sequences of an additional 11 gekkotan genera retrieved from genbank were also used in the analysis . ( 1 ) gekkota as well as eublepharidae , gekkonidae , pygopodidae , pygopodinae , diplodactylini ( sensu kluge , 1987 ) are monophyletic ; ( 2 ) diplodactylinae and carphodactylini are not monophyletic , and we propose to recognize three families within the pygopodidae sensu kluge ( 1987 ) : pygopodidae , carphodactylidae and diplodactylidae 系統發生分析的結果提示： ( 1 )壁虎類以及瞼虎科、壁虎科、鱗腳虎科、鱗腳虎亞科( pygopodinae )和刺尾虎族( diplodactylini ) ( kluge ， 1987 )各自都是單系的； ( 2 )刺尾虎亞科( diplodactylinae )和藁趾虎族( carphodactylini )不是單系? ?的，建議將ki嗆e ）的鱗腳虎科改訂為以下三個科：鱗腳虎科（ pygopodidae ） ，鼓趾虎科（ carphodactylidae ）和刺尾虎科（ dipl 。

For these goals , the fo llowing jobs have been done and some results have been obtained . 1 according to the vitreoscilla hemoglobin ( vhb ) amino acid sequence and plajnt preference codon usage , vgbm gene was designed and synthesized by annealing 22 synthetic fragments respectively , the modified vgbm gene of full length of 450 base pairs was synthesized . 2 the transformants were obtained after pbv221svhb was introduced into e . coli 為此本論文作了以下工作并得出了一些結論： 1根據透明顫菌血紅蛋白( vhb )的氨基酸序列，選用植物偏愛密碼子，對透明顫菌血紅蛋白基因( vgb )進行優化改造，設計并合成了22條寡核苷酸短片段，人工合成了改造的全長450bp的透明顫菌血紅蛋白( vhb )基因( vgbm

In this study , the whole e2 genes of two strains of classical swine fever virus ( csfv ) isolated from guangxi ( gx ) were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerse chain reaction ( rt - pcr ) method and seqenced . the e2 gene fragments of csfv were 1090 base pair in length and encoded 364 amino acid residues 研究采用反轉錄?聚合酶鏈式反應( rt ? pcr )技術對兩株分別從柳州( gxlz )和南寧( gxnn )分離的廣西流行豬瘟病毒( classicalswinefevervirus ， csfv )進行e _ 2全基因的擴增、克隆和測序。擴增片段長度為1090bp ，編碼364個氨基酸殘基。

The restriction map of the plasmid pbl29 was tentatively constructed according as the molecular weights of fragments of plasmid pbl29 digested with different enzymes . analysing the sequence of the plasmid pbl29 tested , we found that the mol ecular weight of the plasmid pbl29 is 371 lbp , that it s many unique restriction endonucleases , km resistance genes and abundant a / t base pairs of replicating site are on the plasmid pbl29 同時根據限制性酶切各片段的分子量作出了質粒pbl29的內切酶圖譜。并對質粒pbl29進行測序和分析，證明了質粒pbl29大小為3711bp ，具有大量的單酶切位點、編碼卡那霉素抗性基因以及富含a t序列的復制起點。

The mechanism is that the introduced complementary oligonucleotides can bind to the corresponding mrna or double - stranded dna in genome and form partial double - stranded molecules or triple - stranded nucleic acid molecules by sequence - specific and nonsequence - specific antisense action , thus the target gene will be orientationally blocked and expression of the target inhibited so that therapeutic effect could be attained . in this study , we designed a fragment of human c ii ta cdna in antisense orientation using mrna of c ii ta as template . the primers were designed based on 94 - 500 nucleotides segment in 5 “ end of ciita gene so that the interested gene contained 407 base pairs which included two aug codons in 1 16 and 188 nucleotides as well as the splicing site between the first and the second exons 本研究設計以c tamrna為模板的反義cdna片段，從c ta基因5 ’端第94位到500位核苷酸段設計引物，目的片段407bp ，覆蓋第116和188位兩個aug密碼子，也包含了第一外顯子和第二外顯子間的剪接位點：用常規分子生物學方法構建了反義片段的腺病毒表達載體( padeasy - 1系統) ；腺病毒載體經hek293細胞包裝產生含反義片段的重組腺病毒，用氯化銫密度梯度離心法獲得純化的高滴度腺病毒；進行體外基因轉移，分別用反義片段真核表達載體轉染p388d1細胞和用重組腺病毒感染hela細胞，觀察導入的c ta基因反義rna抑制細胞內組成型或誘導型c ta基因表達的作用，從而達到調控mhc -類分子表達的目的。

The results showed that the open reading frame of chil - 15 cdna encompassed 564 base pairs ( bp ) and encoded a protein of 187 amino acids with three potential n - linked glycosylation sites , four conserved cysteine residues , two out - of - frame atg initiation codons in the 5 “ untranslated region , and a signal peptide consisting of 66 amino acids . when it was compared with the published sequence of chil - 15 cdna , 7 mutant sites were found , and 5 amino acids were changed in predicted amino acids , which indicated that chil - 15 may be polymorphic 結果顯示，本研究所用白來航雞il - 15cdna5 ’非編碼區有兩個框外atg起始密碼子，開放閱讀框由564bp組成，編碼187個氨基酸，其中n末端信號肽含有66個氨基酸殘基，在第48 、 149和166位的天冬酰胺殘基上有三個潛在的n -糖基化位點。

Both the frequency and intensity of 1146 . 0cm - 1 change largely , etc . discussed and compared the mechanism of these interaction in detail we got some conclusions as following : both zn2 + and cd2 + ions can chelate with po2 - and come into being - po2 - me2 + n7 ( purine ) chelate . as to zn2 + ions , when r2 . 0 , the quantity of po2 - zn2 + n7 is directly linear with r . when r2 . 0 , zn2 + ions even can chelate with c at n3 - o2 sites and this chelation will disrupt the h - bond between gc base pairs and make the dna structure unstable . as to cd2 + ions , only when r is within 1 . 0 - 1 . 5 can this chelation take place and the relation of the quantity of this chelate with r is not easy to conclude 通過對這些變化進行詳細討論和分析，我們得到了如下的結論： zn ~ ( 2 + )和cd ~ ( 2 + )都可以跟dna的磷酸基團螯合，形成- po _ 2 ~ - … me ~ ( 2 + ) … n7 ( g )螯合物，但是前者的螯合跟離子濃度有很大的關系，在摩爾濃度比小于2 . 0時，螯合物的生成量跟r成正比關系，而后者的螯合跟離子的關系不是很明顯，只有當r處于1 . 0至1 . 5之間時，螯合作用才能進行，并且螯合物的生成量跟r之間沒有很明顯的關系存在。

This thesis studied on bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 which was separated and selected by researchers of our laboratory . according to the observation of crystal shape and the bioassay of motschulsky and fairmaire , bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 was identified as cry3 type , and the conclusion was assured by the further study on molecular level . the 1956 base pairs full lengrh homological cry3aa gene which was toxic to motschulsky was cloned and sequenced 以該菌株為材料，克隆出了對光肩星天牛( anoplophralabripennis ( motsch . ) )具有毒殺作用的cry3aa同源基因，并且對該基因進行了人工改造、人工合成、大腸桿菌表達、生物活性測定、雙元表達載體的構建以及對楊樹的轉化等一系列研究，主要結果如下： ( 1 )顯微觀察該菌株所形成的伴孢晶體為方形。

Extension of low k + treatment to 12 hours did not increase the binding sites or protein abundance either . among ros species , h2o2 was specifically involved in the up - regulation of na , k - atpase induced by low k . 96 base pairs of upstream of na , k - atpase subunit promoter was the key cis - element in transcriptional regulation of promoter activity Ros對鈉鉀atp酶亞基啟動子的刺激作用縮小至編碼區上游96堿基對，該序列包含多個潛在sp1轉錄因子結合位點，研究也表明sp1參與了低鉀對鈉鉀atp酶的調節作用。

The complete genome sequence of the radiation - resistant bacterium deinococcus radiodurans rl is composed of two chromosomes ( 2 , 648 , 638 and 412 , 348 base pairs ) , a megaplasmid ( 177 , 466 base pairs ) , and a small plasmid ( 45 , 704 base pairs ) , yielding a total genome of 3 , 284 , 156 base pairs 一號染色體由2 , 648 , 638個堿基對組成，二號染色體包含412 , 348個堿基對，而大質粒和小質粒分別由177 , 466和45 , 704個堿基對組成。它們共同組成了全基因組3 , 284 , 156個堿基對。

The length of the inserted fragments of the forward and backward subtracted cdna libraries was 360 and 160 base pairs in average respectively by pcr detection . the results showed that the subtracted libraries constructed were suitable for further study on the genes related to the ovary development of the mitten crab Pcr擴增鑒定正、反向差減cdna文庫的插入片段平均大小分別為360bp和160bp ，表明所構建的差減文庫適合進一步研究中華絨螯蟹卵巢發育相關基因。

Genes coding mature peptide of igfs were achieved by pcr using another pair of oligo - nucleotide primers to induce to the suitable restriction enzyme site , and the igf - i product of pcr contains 230 base pairs . igf - ii contains 219 base pairs . 3 各另外設計一對特異性pcr引物，導入適當限制性內切酶切點，以上述連有目的基因的克隆載體為模板，采用pcr方法擴增基因片段，獲得長度約230bp的igf -和219bp的igf -成熟肽基因序列。

The sequence analysis showed that the sequence of il - 10 is identical to that published in genbank . its open reading frame is composed of 528 base pairs ( bp ) and predicted to code for a peptide of 175 amino acids 序列分析結果表明pil - 10基因與國外報道的基因序列完全一致，開放閱讀框由528個核苷酸組成，推測編碼的多肽由175個氨基酸組成。

It has been shown that this occurs in bacteria in that antisense rna sets up base pairs with a certain messenger rna ( m - rna ) precisely where the ribosomes would start their reading 這些蛋白質通過核糖體聚合在一起，且他們是通過沿著的閱讀和翻譯信使rna氨基酸的序列而行成，這就決定了各種蛋白質在細胞內的不同功能。

Cd2 + ions mainly bind to at bases and these interactions will disrupt the h - bond between at base pairs , destroy the stability of dna and lead the percent of gc to increase 總而言之，低濃度的znz +能夠穩定dna的結構，但是高濃度的zn2 +卻能打斷gc堿基對之間的氫鍵，對dna的穩定性起到破壞作用。